2018专八阅读理解练习题《智力测试》

2018的专八备考初期，考生可以有计划地进行一些专八阅读理解题目练习，下面是小编为大家整理的一篇2018专八阅读理解练习题，供大家练习。

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About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated.intelligence testing became unpopular.

Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such testing has gone out offashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.

However. paradoxically. just recently a group of black parents filed lawsuit(诉讼)in California claimingthat the state"s ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity totake the test (They believed correctly, that IQ tests are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) The judge, therefore. reversed, at least partially. his original decision.

And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minority groups to have their intelligence tested? We have always been on the side of permitting. even facilitating, such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence. or whether some other factor is the cause.

What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cause. It is not discriminative to evaluate either a child"s physical condition or his intellectual level.

Unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law allows us to do variesfrom time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago. for instance, white families were encouraged co adopt black children. It was considered discriminative not to do so.

And then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally unpopular, and social agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. It is hard to say what are the best procedures.But surely good will on the part of all of us is needed.

As to intelligence. in our opinion, the more we know about any child"s intellectual level, the better for the child in question.

1. Why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decades?

A) Its validity was challenged by many communities.

B) It was considered discriminative against minority children.

C) It met with strong opposition from the majority of black parents.

D) It deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.

2. The recent legal action taken by some black parents in California aimed to

A) draw public attention to IQ testing

B) put an end to special education

C) remove the state"s ban on intelligence tests

D) have their children enter white schools

3. The author believes that intelligence testing_____________.

A) may ease racial confrontation in the United States

B) can encourage black children to keep up with white children

C) may seriously aggravate racial discrimination in the United States

D) can help black parents make decisions about their children’s education

4. The author"s opinion of child adoption seems to be that________________.

A) no rules whatsoever can be prescribed

B) white families should adopt black children

C) adoption should be based on IQ test results

D) cross-racial adoption is to be advocated

5. Child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that_________________.

A) good will may sometimes complicate racial problems

B)social surroundings are vital to the healthy growth of children

C) intelligence testing also applies to non-academic areas

D) American opinion can shift when it comes to sensitive issues

答案：

1.过去的几十年当中，为什么智力测验不受欢迎?

A)很多社群质疑智力测验的有效性。

B)智力测验被视作歧视少数儿童。

C)智力测验受到了来自大多数黑人父母的反对。

D)智力测验剥夺了黑人孩子受良好教育的权利。

[B]根据文章第2段“有些人认为智力测验对少数民族儿童不公平。因此，在过去的几十年里，智力测验已不再流行，在有些社区甚至被禁止了”，这里的it指代前面的intelligence testing。因此，B与文章所表达的意思一致。

2.最近一些加州的黑人父母采取的法律行动是旨在__________________。

A)引起大众对智力测验的关注

B)结束特殊教育

C)消除加州的智力测验禁令

D)让自己的孩子进入白人学校就读

[C]根据文章第3段第2句“最近，一群黑人父母提出诉讼，声称该州禁止智商测验剥夺了他们的孩子接受这种测验的机会，是对孩子的歧视”，由此可判断黑人父母要求取消对智力测试的禁令。故此，应该选C。

3.作者认为智力测验________________。

A)会缓和美国的种族对抗

B)能够鼓励黑人孩子赶上白人该子

C)会严重地激化美国的种族歧视

D)可以帮助黑人家长决定孩子的教育问题

[D]根据文章第4段末句和第5段首句“如果任何一种肤色的小孩在学校的成绩不好，弄清楚是由于他的智商低.还是由于其他原因引起的对我们来说似乎很重要;学校和家庭只有弄清楚孩子成绩不好的原因才能帮助孩子”，因此，应选D。

4.作者对于收养儿童的意见似乎是____________________。

A)没有什么法则可出台

B)白人家庭应该收养黑人孩子

C)收养应该基于智力测验的结果之上

D)应该倡导跨种族收养

[A]根据文章第7段末句“因此，很难说到底怎样才是最好的。但肯定无疑的是，我们大家都需要有善意”，由此可推断，人们并不能制定某种规则来限制它，故此，A与文章的意思相符。

5.文章中提到收养儿童是为了显示_______________。

A)良好的意愿有的时候会将种族问题复杂化

B)社会环境对于儿童的健康成长至关重要

C)智力测验对于非学术领域也同样适用

D)美国人对于敏感议题的意见会发生变化

[D]文章第6段前两句，作者提出“智商水平似乎是个敏感的问题。法律允许我们不时改变观点。在智商以外的其他领域也存在着这种来来回回不断变化的.情况”，儿童收养问题只是作者举的一个例子，旨在说明在一些敏感问题上，人们的观点可以不断变化的情况。故选D。

附：2018专八阅读理解攻略

1.认真审题，找出文中根据

首先要认真仔细地看清题干和四个选择项，尤其要注意以下几点：

(1) 有时候题干会出现这样的问句：

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

The following statements are true EXCEPT .

在这里，要特别注意这个not，是问你“不正确的，错误的”选项，即哪一项是不符合原文内容的。类似否定式提问往往造成考生的误看，所以要特别留意这样的题型。

(2) 从出题角度看，有的试题四个选项的文字用得极其相似，有时甚至只相差一个单词，很容易造成视觉干扰，使考生一下子难以辨认真伪。因此考生要特别注意四个选项之间的细微区别。

(3) 一定要将四个选择项全部看完，在考生认为前一两个选择项正确的时候，往往不再注意后面选项，这样很容易出错，尤其在前面选项碰巧是干扰项的时候。

另外，在文中寻找试题答案时，可以把与试题有关的词、句、语段划出来，分别标上试题的序号，然后对照研读，做出判断。这样有利于缩小摄取有效信息的范围，做到有根有据，便于判断和复查验证，提高答题正确率。这是个在平时操练时十分有用的方法，但在真实考试当中，要根据时间来定是否采取此法。

2. 注意观察问题的类型

了解试题的种类，有助于正确理解试题的要求，以便采用相应的阅读方法，更快速、准确地将答案定位。

阅读理解题的种类概括起来不外乎下面几种：

(1) 细节题——根据文章的内容、信息进行提问。

譬如以what, which, when, where, why等开头的问题。其他常用的结构还有： According to the passage, ... /The story tells us that ... 等。

(2) 主旨题——询问有关文章主要内容、中心大意、作品基调、作者态度、目的。

譬如： “What does the passage mainly discuss?”/“Which of the following is the more appropriate title for the passage?”等。

(3) 推理题——要求考生就已获得的信息进行推理，得出原文字面上未出现的答案。

常见的问题有 “Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about ...”/“ What does the passage imply?”/“ The main purpose of this passage is to ...”等。

(4) 指代题——用于测试考生对具体词义或指代关系的识别能力。

其题类经常为： “The word ‘attribute’ in line 6 means ...”/“What does the underlined phrase in line 38 refer to?”

(5) 评价题——用于测试考生对文章风格、写作手法等的分析能力。

譬如： “What kind of writing technique does the writer use in the passage to ... ?”/“What are the ways the writer uses to create the gloomy impression in the passage?”等。

3.善于寻找线索

在复读解答试题时，考生要根据有关线索查找与试题有关的章节，有三种线索可以帮助尽快找到文中的信息。

(1) 从试题的题干中找线索,即找到题干中的关键词，然后在文中找到相同的关键词或与关键词有关的词语，往往答案就在附近。

(2) 从试题的四个选项中找线索。有时试题的题干中找不到什么线索，如：

Which of the following statements is (not) true?

The passage is mainly about .

From the passage we may infer that .

这时考生可以从四个选择项中去寻找线索。根据通读的初步印象，决定哪一选项最接近正确答案，就先从这个选项中寻找线索，然后回到文中去查找。如果不一致，就对下一个最为可能是答案的选项进行尝试，依次类推，直至找到正确答案。

(3) 从文中找线索。有时从试题中找不到线索，就只能到文中去找了。要善于找到文中的关键词及与试题关系较密切的段落、篇章，尽快找到答案。事实上，这种快速定位关键词的能力是在平时逐渐锻炼成的。因此，平时多练，考试时的效果就会很好。